Select all between characters (regex) not including these characters

If I understand the question correctly, you can do so

  [^\{\}] 

Result http://regexr.com/3eonp . I'm afraid of the complexity of some answers, I do not understand something in the question?

You can use direct (?=) And reverse (?<=) View

 (?<=\{)([\s\S]+?)(?=\}) 

You can see here

Another option is to take only the group in brackets. If the expression is used for search and replace, you can replace with {$1}

Just take the first group from the result:

 var res = []; `{0}{5} {1}{dfdf} {2}{пара, пара п.а пара&па®} {3}{dfdf!}`.replace(/\{([\s\S]*?)\}/g, (m, g) => { res.push(g) }); console.log(res);