Explain the difference between the concepts MinGW , CygWin , GNU , GCC and what are the connections between them?

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    GNU is a recursive acronym for English. GNU's Not UNIX (“GNU Not UNIX”) is a free Unix-like operating system developed by the GNU Project.

    GCC - The Gnu Compiler Collection is a collection of compilers from C, C ++, Objective-C, Fortran, Java, Ada and Go, as well as libraries for these languages ​​(libstdc ++, libgcj, ...).

    Cygwin is a Linux-like environment (environment) for Windows, which allows you to transfer programs running on POSIX operating systems (such as Linux, BSD and Unix) to it.

    MinGW is the minimalist GNU for Windows, the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) bundle, along with a set of freely available import libraries, the GDB debugger, binutils, and Windows API header files.

    MSYS is a set of utilities distributed with MinGW, such as bash, gawk, grep, etc., that allows you to build applications that depend on the traditional UNIX environment.