The right decision is to make a request to the server when the application starts, which will tell you if the post was made today. Or even better, every time you try to upload a post to the server, it will return a "limit reached" error.
If in the application - at the time of successful post posting to the server, write a flag in SharedPreferences that says that the post was flooded today. But this solution can be hacked by cleaning these applications or through the root to change. The server option is much more reliable.
And think for yourself, the person has two phones. one post he filled. How does a second phone without a server know that the post has already been flooded? No in the end, how many people have devices, how many posts he has per day, and can he
UPD: Getting IMEI in the easiest way.
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager)getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE); String deviceIMEI = telephonyManager.getDeviceId();
But better read the article on Habré or here in English and the article from Google