Let's start with the JDK:
Java Development Kit (abbreviated as JDK) is a free Java application development kit provided by Oracle Corporation (formerly Sun Microsystems), including a Java compiler (javac), standard Java class libraries, examples, documentation, various utilities, and a Java executable ( JRE) .
JRE:
Java Runtime Environment (abbr. JRE; Russian. Runtime for Java ) is the minimal implementation of a virtual machine necessary for running Java applications without a compiler and other development tools. It consists of a virtual machine - Java Virtual Machine - and a library of Java classes.
So how to understand all the same, JRE is a Java runtime system or is it a Java runtime environment?
One is written in the JDK, the other in the JRE. All material is taken from Wikipedia.