I Introduction
The booth must be transferred! Season does not happen, so that a couple of not shandarahnulo.
That confused with the toilet, then with a beach cabin ...
(x / f Features of national fishing)
The end of the year, summing up, filling out forms and other pre-holiday tinsel of IT functionaries. I already once again catch the eye of the final questionnaires of IT firms, designed to identify trends in approaches to product development. And every time there is a feeling of some kind of trick when you answer questions like: βYou still use the Waterfall method (waterfall model), or you still (like all advanced humanity) practice Agile (flexible methodologies)β. When you start to find out from the author of this survey, and what he understands under Agile, his explanations somehow do not fall much into the outline of the manifesto (Agile Manifesto). He really thinks about many principles for the first time, and these very principles downright stump him. But after a little confusion, heavy artillery is used with reinforced concrete substantiation of its position: βWe are not working on the Falls, it means according to Agileβ.
The very thesis βFlexible methodologiesβ is so gutta-percha still in its sound that many try to squeeze anything into it, or rather what is most beneficial for them. Gradually, it became a fashionable screen, which can cover all its shortcomings and even sloppiness, in the process of manufacturing IT products, and at the same time, as it were, stay on the crest of a wave, in a trend. They say we are not - and the technique is.
Let's together, once again βstrike with analysisβ on the topic of Flexible methodologies, try to spread out the main artifacts and principles on the shelves and separate the sacred meaning that was originally included in this concept from what it was converted into by some careless populists. We also compare the approaches of Agile with other methods for a more accurate understanding of the face that separates them, or vice versa - combines. At the same time, weβll try to figure out where the use of Agile principles is most appropriate, and where itβs not entirely appropriate?
II Background to the emergence of software development techniques
History is like meat pate: it is better not to peer how it is cooked.
Aldous Huxley
For the sake of objectivity, letβs dive into the history and feel the circumstances that formed the ground on which various principles and methods of developing software products, including Flexible, have grown.
1. Myths and reality about Waterfall
As already mentioned in the introduction, antagonism (sacrificial offering) for Agile (1) was chosen Waterfall technique, which in its pure form was relevant in the last century, during punched cards and tape drives and presented to the world for the first time in the article by W. W. Royce ( WW Royce), published in 1970.
Such a comparison undoubtedly helps any other methodology to look fresh and innovative in comparison with it. For the sake of persuasiveness, some speakers represent the Waterfall model not as an iterative, but as a one-time, monolithic flow of work that passes through the phase: requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, integration and support. I was especially touched by the phrase about the development methods that was peeped in the article, before the Ajail period: βBefore, products were made entirely at once. To do this, went through the chain: the idea β technical task β design β programming β testing β release ". Excuse me, but Royce used the iterative development model in his approach. So cynically simplifying an idea is simply not ethical, especially considering that there was not a vacuum between Waterfall and Agile, but a rather long evolutionary chain still existed.
Although in fairness, one must admit that most of what has been said about Waterfall is generally not far from the truth. If the team was aware at some stage that the result did not meet the expectations, then either βfinished offβ to the logical end not quite a suitable product, or threw most of the work into the basket, and started the process almost from the very beginning, actually creating a new product. Why, despite some absurdity by today's standards of such an approach, has the technique for a long time remained a popular flagship in the software development world?
To comprehend this phenomenon, we immerse ourselves in the atmosphere of the then Computing Centers (EC). Let me remind you that in those far, distant times, the path from the developers' idea to the execution of its computer was long and thorny. He ran through the already forgotten data preparation devices that perform mechanical punching of punched cards and affectionately called βbarmaliaβ. This operation was carried out not by the developers themselves, but by specially trained people. Having received the cherished stack of holed cartons, in turn, taking into account the efficiency of the computer, these punched cards were laid in a special device (again, specially trained people), which read the code and only after that, he had a chance to be executed by the processor. But if one of the punched cards in the deck jams when reading, you should repeat the procedure for reading the entire deck again. And God forbid, there was an error in the code, it was necessary to re-resort to the help of the bogeyman, to kill part of the punched cards and, without mixing them up in places in the deck, to repeat the whole procedure once more. Such delights work of the then programmers was littered all over. Naturally, the rapid changes in the requirements for the product being developed in the course of its implementation, with such an approach could be. Qualitative requirements for the product being developed and the strictly regulated process of its production were for the then-teams All.
2. What if not Waterfall?
But time passed and everything changed. The personal computer gradually replaced the huge tumbling monsters as a capsule for the digital world. The number of operations performed by processors per unit of time has increased by several orders of magnitude, and the speed of an information I / O operation began to seem simply "cosmic." Programmers got direct and instant access to the execution of the code just typed - by computing resources, on the spot. Now to make changes to the work of the software has become much easier, and already to imagine that someone else continues to work on the method of Waterfall in its pure form is simply ridiculous.
Natural selection and the need to adapt, made the methods mutate. Moreover, most of them borrowed from their predecessors an iterative model of development. Just execution cycles have been significantly reduced and improved.
But then another attack arose. Unprecedented opportunities allowed from the automation of individual production areas to move to automate entire enterprises, and even to wipe the full extent on the industry. With such volumes of operations and the amount of resources involved, it was simply impossible to simplify the methods of developing software products. On the contrary, they have become even more sweeping and formalized.
The Rational Unified Process (RUP) has become one of the most well-known methods using the iterative development model. It was developed and implemented in the second half of the 1990s by Rational Software.
The term RUP is not only a software development methodology, but also a set of tools for managing development processes. Within the framework of the topic under consideration, it is especially interesting to note that the RUP (2) methodology describes an abstract overall process, on the basis of which an organization or project team can create its own unique software development process that is focused on its own needs. What say this approach is not flexible?
In further analysis and comparisons, it can be noted that some of the key features of RUP are also partially inherited from the Waterfall technique.
- Cyclic software production approach . The life cycle of the RUP project is divided into 4 phases and 9 workflows.
- Iterative development process . The RUP project consists of a sequence of iterations with a recommended duration of 2 to 6 weeks.
- Mandatory requirements development . To describe requirements in RUP, use cases or use cases are used. Each use case is a description of the scenario of user interaction with the system, fully performing a specific user task.
- Incremental approach aimed at incremental increase in product functionality. The basic unit of planning iterations is the use case, which allows you to make the necessary changes to requirements, design decisions and implementation during the project.
Pay special attention to the last point. It argues that it is precisely the presence of detailed requirements, drawn up in a certain form, just provide the opportunity to effectively make changes to the design decisions and implementation of the product during the project. Including in the late stages of the project.
Often, RUP is mistakenly considered a heavy process with a high level of formalism. But this is not entirely true, since the RUP process can (and should) be customized to the specifics of a particular organization and project. Even if the team takes on a small software product that will need to be refined, scaled, or integrated with other systems, then RUP will quite comfortably cope with all the emerging challenges.
3. The overthrow of the foundations
And further more. Having skipped the period of coming to our world of personal computers, let us proceed to the emergence of all sorts of instrumental studios, visualization and modeling tools, automated application builders, etc. In all this variety of helpers, allowing, for example, dragging an element on a diagram with a mouse, and getting automatically changed application code for the final product, began to depreciate the very role of software development techniques. With such advanced tools, with a lack of time or resources, you can abandon some of the workflow methods of the methodology and at the same time virtually nothing to lose. At least in the short term. These freedoms and, as impunity turned out, with due professionalism of the performers, led the most desperate heads to the proclamation of the new IT trend - βFlexible development methodologiesβ.
Here in this place from the red line, let me stress once again a very important thesis, perhaps the key one - βwith due professionalismβ! That is, high-class specialists, who have dozens of large realized projects behind them, who are able to sketch a class diagram of a small module in their head for 20 minutes, immediately estimate the processes changing their states, assume critical dependencies, etc. decided that they could, in some cases, do without the mandatory passage of the adopted regulations. At the same time, the project will nevertheless be brought to the expected result with an acceptable quality in a much shorter time frame. Is it bad or good? At first glance, just wonderful. On the second, not everything is so simple. Let us analyze the pros and cons a little later.
Definitely bad here is different. Young and insolent, looking at it from the outside, ask themselves the question: βAnd what could have been so?β. They have never seen quality requirements in their eyes, they cannot read diagrams, but now they donβt need it. Everything! requirements are now canceled! Diagrams, the process of modeling - there in the furnace. Only code, code and chat. As a bonus - they can leave their comments in the code, for future generations of the same bold.
At this, the historical excursion can be completed and go closer to the body so to speak ...
III Analysis of the phenomenon of flexible methodologies
Every entity should be analyzed in terms of logic, before poking into the mouth.
Woody Allen.
1. Definitions of Flexible Methodologies
Since Ajaila has been around for many years, let's use the available information and first, let's review the definitions and opinions that head the top in the network. And having already pushed off from them, let's move on to the main artifact - the Manifest of flexible software development.
The first thing that was found in a search engine for the term Agile:
Agile software development agile methods (agile methods) - a series of software development approaches focused on the use of iterative development, dynamically forming requirements and ensuring their implementation as a result of constant interaction within self-organizing working groups consisting of specialists in various fields.
The following important points can be distinguished from this definition:
- Using an iterative approach . There is nothing new about software development methods that deny this principle, I personally have not heard;
- Formation of requirements is carried out in stages, in the course of product development . This is a key difference from many other methods. In some ways it gives an advantage, in some it introduces fundamental limitations. We will discuss this and that later;
- The use of continuous close interaction of all team members , including the customer. In most other methodologies, of course, attention is paid to teamwork, including with customers, but positioning this communication as an additional project resource, giving an undoubted advantage, is rather exclusive;
- Team self-organization . It is assumed that each iteration ends with a debriefing (retrospective) and the introduction of constructive changes in the process, which contributes to the continuous development of the team. Such techniques are most likely borrowed from earlier techniques. For example, it is practicing RUP.
In principle, not much has been found out from this description, so letβs move on to the clarifications:
Most of the flexible methodologies are aimed at minimizing risks by reducing development to a series of short cycles, called iterations, that usually last two to three weeks. Each iteration in itself looks like a software project in miniature and includes all the tasks necessary for issuing a mini-gain in functionality: planning, requirements analysis, design, programming, testing and documentation.
But we have already considered this approach in the good old RUP. That is, there is also nothing fundamentally new here.
Most of the definitions I have found are also abstract and non-specific, very little information allows you to immediately take up and begin to use flexibility. But here another no less important side of the approach opens, bringing clarity to that superficiality, which shows the entire topic under consideration. For example:
Agile does not include practices, but defines the values ββand principles that guide the teams. Agile is a family of development processes, not the only approach in software development, and is defined by Agile Manifesto.
Adjail is a way of thinking with its own value system. It is similar to philosophy, religion, or culture β the same set of attitudes that a person believes in and that influences his behavior.
Apparently for this very reason, there are countless disputes around Flexible Methodologies. Not so much in the very idea of ββwhat you can really touch. Apparently for the same reason, it is possible to call something of your own (almost any), unconventional - flexible methodologies and not be found to be unprofessional. In my opinion, this is acceptable, if you want to be in trend - call your development approach as fashionably as you like, if only the development process and the final product itself do not suffer.
I recall a case from my own practice, when a large IT company decided to improve its technological processes before a large-scale project. To this end (as recommended), a specialist in flexible methodologies was invited, on whose shoulders this responsible mission was assigned. After reading a very short lecture on the way of thinking and the Ajayl system of values, he began to find out what the actual situation with the production of software in the enterprise was. Finding flaws and inconsistencies in existing processes, together with the team of the enterprise, selected the most appropriate ways and methods to solve them. Fortunately, these shortcomings were no secret to anyone, but a number of reasons interfered with their overcoming. For example: lack of time, contradictions between teams subordinate to different management verticals, fear of taking responsibility, etc. Since all this event was patronized by the top management of the company, and the invited specialist was a truly high-class IT professional, the innovations developed were brought to life, almost on time and with a very sensitive, positive effect. But they had nothing to do with the Manifesto of flexible methodologies. As a result, most of the company's employees remained confident that now they completely switched to Adjail, abandoned everything else. All this is very reminiscent of a fairy tale about how a soldier cooked porridge from an ax, cunningly drawing out from the owners the ingredients he needed and improving the taste of the dish. That's just the ax is not boiled down.
But since we are here gathered in order to impartially analyze the Agile phenomenon, we will therefore continue our research. Let us turn to the original source - Manifesto Ajail:
2. Let's analyze the main ideas of Agile Manifesto
Key ideas:
- People and interaction are more important than processes and tools;
- A working product is more important than comprehensive documentation;
- Cooperation with the customer is more important than negotiating the terms of the contract;
- Readiness for change is more important than following the original plan.
Let's start with a fly in the ointment. For me personally, all points are controversial. Let's go in order:
Item 1 . In my opinion, one of the key reasons for the emergence of Ajail, as I wrote above, was the rapid development of systems for automating software development processes that made it possible to neglect the regulations. That is, it is just the displacement of monotonous human labor by robotic processes and allows to produce more reliable and predictable results, including to maintain the qualitative interaction of the processes themselves. Therefore, about βPeople - most important of all,β in my opinion, this is just a slogan helping to amuse the human pride of the most sentimental team members.
But in fairness, I note that these young slogans, clapping their hands in retrospect and other sentiments, are quite effective and even (at first) raise the team spirit. It is important that the emptiness and disappointment does not come when the understanding of the holiday leaves.
Item 2 . Development is only a short moment in the life of an automated system, and then begins the harsh everyday life of its operation, modernization and expansion of opportunities. Have you ever tried to maintain a good software product, completely devoid of documentation? What is happening in it and why it is this way, and most importantly, how can it be corrected so that it starts working a little differently? And if it interacts with other software, then what can be changed in it at all, and what cannot be touched? All this is reminiscent of walking on a minefield.
And here we add the principle of phased development. Without documentation, it will still be necessary to determine at what stage of development the product is in general.
But for the sake of objectivity, it should be noted that when the team delivers the finished product to the customer, assembled from a heap of modules, installed on a heap of various equipment, and also under the βnon-childβ load, then it is highly likely that it will be necessary to modify or change the code. Sometimes the changes can be numerous and profound. And here it is definitely not up to the formalism, it is necessary to save the face of the team. During this period, you can postpone documentation until better times and rush to edit the code. I want to note that it is much more comfortable to do when there is decent documentation at hand that was compiled at the development stage, with a description of how everything worked at the time of the introduction.
Item 3 . Well, for starters, the point itself is not clear the opposition itself. Is not agreement negotiation a collaboration with a customer? If the customer, as a result of clarifying the terms of the contract with the development team, will be able to understand the scope of work, approximately realize the cost of their implementation, and most importantly, imagine the result that he can get in some tangible real-world indicators (automated business functions, form layouts, etc. .). After all, it will be easier for him to make a decision: does he need this particular product, is he ready to finance its production, etc. Isn't that a collaboration?
And what about cooperation then? Just warm conversations for life without any commitment? How not cool, if the project is commercial, all parties first need to achieve their goals in the project. And the terms of the contract - just fix these very goals and how to achieve them. At the time of working out and agreeing on a contract, both parties begin to realize that it is from them that the partners are expected to receive and the degree of responsibility in the event that the agreed result is not achieved. The contract in this case is a motivator and a means of settling differences, for those and others. After all, it is not extremes that are most terrible, but uncertainty.
There is no contract - there is no responsibility, there is no complete understanding of what should result from the completion of the project. This approach suits you - good luck.
Point 4. We have already said above that, given the availability of modern software design and development tools, there is no particular difficulty for a team of professional developers to make changes to the implementation of a product at almost any stage. This is a normal process, depending to a greater degree on the teamβs depth of understanding of the product they are developing. Therefore, in this case, the question is not so much about the readiness of the team to make changes, but about who will pay for all these excesses. It is here that the qualitatively drafted contract, which determines who and in what cases incurs material losses from the reformation, comes to the fore. Whether the developers rework at their own expense, what they misunderstood or the customer, who did not correctly explain what he needed.
3. Discuss the principles of Agile Manifesto
Since we want to understand the topic in an unbiased way, let us at least briefly touch on the principles explained by Agile Manifesto:
- customer satisfaction with the early and uninterrupted supply of valuable software;
- welcome changes in requirements even at the end of development (this can increase the competitiveness of the product received);
- frequent delivery of working software (every month or week or more often);
- close, daily customer communication with developers throughout the project;
- the project deals with motivated individuals who are provided with the right working conditions, support and trust;
- The recommended method of transmitting information is face-to-face conversation;
- working software is the best measure of progress;
- ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΊ;
- ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρ;
- ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° β ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ;
- Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ;
- ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ.
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ.
ΠΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π£ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π±Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½ΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈ β Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ, Π½Π΅Π½Π°Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎ, Π²ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ βΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈβ, Π²ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π² Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎ, Π³Π»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠΉ?
ΠΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ (ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΈ) Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ.
Π Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΎ Β«Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΒ» ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Agile, Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ βΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΠ΅β ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΄ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ (Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΡ).
Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅, Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°Π½Π³ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ β Β«Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ (Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΡ)Β». ΠΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅Π΅, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΈ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
IV ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ
Π Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π²Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΠΉ, Π²Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ Π½Π΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π²Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΈ Π²Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ.
ΠΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ?
Π£ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
Ρ Agile, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ (ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ) ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ².
1. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Agile
ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°, Π²ΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ.ΠΏ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ, Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠΎΠ½Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°.
ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ, Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π·Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊ: ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π», Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ βΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎβ, Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ βΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρβ, Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΡ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΠ³Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ βΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎβ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΡ 3-6 ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π±Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Ρ, Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°.
ΠΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ β Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
(Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ Π±Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡΠΌ), ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ. ΠΡΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π² Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° Π½Π°Π½ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
, ΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ, Π° Π²ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡ
, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°, ΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ.
2. ΠΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ β ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Agile
ΠΠ»Ρ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΠ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ β Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅.
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ.
3. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Agile Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
Agile, ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ.
Π Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Ρ.ΠΏ. ΠΡΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.
ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ. ΠΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π½ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°. Β«ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎ, Π½Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ βΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Ρ?Β». ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅, Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠ±ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ.
Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ, Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Agile Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° (Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ). ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°, Π·Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ.
4. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Agile Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
Π Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, βΠΊΡΡΠΊΠΈβ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ. Π Π²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Agile.
ΠΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅-ΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ.
ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Agile Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½, ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΡ. Π Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅. Π ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
, Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ.
Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° Agile, Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ.
ΠΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ (AUP, Π°Π½Π³Π». Agile Unified Process) β ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Unified Process (UP), ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΌΠ±Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. Π ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, AUP ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (TDD), ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π°Π½Π³Π». Agile modeling) ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π±Π°Π· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ.
OpenUP β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΡΠ³ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ RUP. OpenUP Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ: Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π°, ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Π°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ», Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
5. ΠΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Agile
ΠΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π», Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·.
- ΠΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Agile, Π° Π²Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ, ΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
-ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ #ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ£Π¨Π’Π. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΊΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ’ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π²Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆ. Π Π²ΠΎΡ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Agile, ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ β ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ±Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π΅ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π·Π΄ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ.
ΠΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π². Π ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π Π΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°. Suddenly. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Ρ: Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Ρ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ.ΠΏ. ΠΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. Π― ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ» ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ.ΠΏ. Π Π²ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡ-ΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π°. Π Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠ’_ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°? ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ
Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΡΡ
? Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π, Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π. ΠΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ: Β«ΠΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΒ». - ΠΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΉΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ³Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ . Π§ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ?
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊ Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ, ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ. Π ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ: Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΅ΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π° ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ. Π Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡ Β«Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉΒ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΡ/Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ (Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ) Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠ½Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°. - ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ (Π° Π²Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ) ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 3-5 ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π», ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π» Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΠ» Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΡΠΆΠ΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ 10_ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π°. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ.
- ΠΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠΊΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΏ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°. Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΏ, ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΏ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π², ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡ, Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π±ΡΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ, ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π±Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π³Π»Π°Π·Π°Ρ
. Π§Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΠ , ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°.
Let's sum up
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Agile, Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Ρ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π― ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ» Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ°Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Agile.
Bibliography1. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡ- Β«ΠΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΒ»
2. Π―ΠΊΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ½ Π., ΠΡΡ Π., Π Π°ΠΌΠ±ΠΎ ΠΠΆ. β Β«Π£Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΒ» (2004)
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΒ»